The term ‘photovoltaic’ refers to the direct conversion of the sun’s rays into electrical energy with the aid of solar cells. The photovoltaic effects of the solar cells in a solar plant convert the light into electrical current. This is based on a quite simple physical principle. Solar cells are made of silicon – a semimetal, or metalloid, material having the properties of both metals and nonmetals. Each solar cell has a positive and a negative layer. As soon as sunlight hits the solar cell, an electrical tension is created between the two. Direct current flows through contacts on the layers. The direct current is fed by a cable to an inverter, There the direct current is converted into alternating current, which can be fed without problem into your local power company’s grid.
The choice of module type should be based not only on price and design. You should make your decision primarily on the basis of power output, the manufacturer’s performance guarantee, and the size and tolerance limits of the modules.
Before power generated from the energy of the sun can be fed into the public grid, it is first converted. The direct current supplied by the modules is converted by an inverter to a grid voltage of 230 V / 380 V alternating current and
then fed into the public grid. To record the amount of power generated precisely, and calculate the fee payable for it, a meter is installed downstream of the inverter.
How to measure your own consumption
Three meters are required to measure your own net internal consumption: a PV meter to measure the amount of solar power generated; a feed-in meter and a draw-down meter. The latter two can be combined into a single bidirectional meter. The difference between the measurement of power generated and that recorded by the feed-in meter corresponds to the separately remunerated self-consumption.
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